Observation of Epipactis tremolsii in the Gironès

During a recent exploration in the Gironès region, aiming to locate various species of the genus Epipactis, we had the opportunity to document the presence of Epipactis tremolsii, commonly known as Trèmols' Helleborine.

The discovery was made at a previously known site for the species, where we counted a total of seven specimens. The observed individuals were in good condition, flowering in line with their early period, typically between April and June. This orchid is distinguished by its adaptation to drier habitats and an earlier flowering time compared to E. helleborine, of which it is often considered a subspecies.

Morphologically, E. tremolsii is notable for its robust stems, often tinged with purple, and especially for its wide, leathery, wavy-margined leaves clustered at the base. The large, bell-shaped flowers feature a cordiform (heart-shaped) epichile, intensely pinkish or reddish, with characteristic rugosities. The habitat where it was found corresponded to a nemoral environment with partial shade, consistent with its preference for holm oak, cork oak, deciduous oak, or pine forests. This species is not listed as threatened in the Catalonia Threatened Flora Catalogue, suggesting it is relatively common within its distribution range.