Ophrys apifera: A Multitude of Bee Orchids in Osona

During a recent botanical outing to Puig del Far, located in the Osona region, we had the pleasure of observing a multitude of Ophrys apifera specimens. These Bee Orchids were found in excellent condition, thriving in an environment consistent with their typical ecological preferences.

The numerous healthy plants provided a wonderful opportunity for close examination of their distinctive characteristics. True to its scientific name, derived from the Latin "apis" (bee), the flower of Ophrys apifera remarkably mimics an insect, a visual and olfactory deception common to its genus. Interestingly, this species stands out as the only one that predominantly practices autogamy, or self-fertilization. We noted the robust stature of the plants, typically between 20-50 cm tall, with their characteristic large, often pink or white sepals. The small, hairy lateral petals, simulating antennae, further enhanced the illusion. The most striking feature was undoubtedly the labellum: round, convex, and covered in a velvety dark brown, imitating a bee's abdomen, complete with its distinctive yellowish-orange "U" or shield-shaped macula. The surrounding habitat, likely featuring calcareous soils and open clearings or scrubland, proved to be an ideal setting for these captivating orchids, which typically flower between May and July.